1)代词及be动词

　　主格 I we you you she/he/it they

　　宾格 me us you you her/him/it them

　　代词所有格 my our your your her/his/its their

　　名词性代词 mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirs

　　be动词现在时 Am are are are is are

　　be动词过去时 was were were were was were

　　2)名词的复数

　　规则变化的名词复数形式

　　规则1 一般情况+s e.g. shell→shells toy→toys

　　规则2 以s, x, ch, sh结尾+es e.g. fox→foxes church→churches

　　规则3 以o结尾+s或+es e.g. radio→radios potato→potatoes

　　规则4 以f, fe结尾的，变f, fe为ves e.g. life→lives half→halves

　　规则5 以辅音字母+y结尾， 变y为i+es e.g. sky→skies study→studies

　　3)动词的第三人称单数形式

　　规则1 一般情况+s e.g. like-likes, look-looks

　　规则2 以s, x, ch, sh和o结尾+es e.g. do-does, catch-catches

　　规则3 以辅音字母+y结尾， 变y为i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly-flies

　　4)动词现在分词

　　规则1 一般动词加-ing e.g. look-looking, read-reading, play-playing

　　规则2 以不发音的字母结尾的单词去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking, arrive-arriving

　　规则3 重读闭音节词结尾， 即单词中只有一个元音字母，其后紧跟一个辅音字母的词，双写辅音字母再加-ing e. g. run-running, sit-sitting, get-getting, swim-swimming, stop-stopping