Key structures】关键句型

　　a,the和some

　　a:单数，可数名词

　　the:可加单数/复数，还可加不可数名词，加在什么名词前面都对

　　some:只能加在不可数名词的前面或可数名词复数的前面

　　a和the的区别

　　a是泛指，a man;特指，the man

　　在文章当中第一次出现名词的时候往往用a和an修饰，第二次出现的时候用the

　　在表示一种笼统感念的陈述句中可以省略a和some

　　Yesterday I bought a book,Books are not very expensive.

　　笼统感念：某某一类/一种东西

　　I have just drunk7 a glass of milk ,Milk is　very refreshing8.

　　I ate an apple./Apples are delicious.

　　I like oranges.Would you like some oranges?

　　Mrs.Jones bought a bag of flour,a bag of sugar,and some tea.

　　She always buys flour,sugar and tea at the grocer's

　　a和the

　　A man is walking towards me.The man is carrying a parcel9.The parcel

　　is full of meat.

　　Names

　　We cannot put a or the in front of names

　　表示某某一类人当中，具有这种特征当中的一个，a Mr.zhang

　　Special Difficulties】难点

　　某些动词的后面加上介词或副词以后就会改变词义，这种新的组合称作短语动词

　　put:放，put on

　　take:拿走，take off

　　look:看，look at:看，look for:寻找，look afrer:照顾，look out:当心

　　call,call at,call on,call in ,call back,call for

　　knock，knock at:敲，knock off,knock over,knock out

　　knock off:下班，He knocked off earlier.

　　knock sth off+地点，knock the vase10 off the table

　　knock off:打折，knock 10% off the price.

　　knock over,A car knocked the boy over.

　　如果有地点，off; 无地点，over,I knocked the boy off the bicycle.

　　Exercises

　　1...out...

　　knock out :打陨，boxer:拳击手

　　在拳击场合中，把人打倒在地叫knock out

　　2...over...

　　无地点

　　3...off...

　　4...at...

　　1...

　　knock out

　　2...

　　knock off

　　3...

　　knock 10% off the price of all the goods

　　Multiple choice question】

　　5...D...

　　say说/tell告诉

　　He says + 句子;He says+that+句子;say to sb.

　　tell sb.+句子：tell sb.+that+句子

　　He said to me/he told me

　　Percy Buttons 作为从句的主语

　　一个简单句只有一个主语一个动词

　　He told me Percy Bottons was a Beggar.

　　6..

　　they all/all they

　　all of us/all of them

　　我们所有人　all of us,we all

　　each/every 每一个

　　each:强调个体;every 强调整体

　　every adj.+n. 每一个(书，本，人等)

　　each adj.&pron.:each adj.+n; each pron.直接作主语或者宾语

　　every person likes...

　　each person likes.../each likes...

　　every 不能做主语;each 强调个体，使用第三人称单数

　　7...

　　once a month:每月一次，属于频率

　　对频率提问：how often

　　提问多久：how long

　　提问次数：how many times

　　How many times do you visit your mother each month?

　　How long do you visit your mother?对时间提问

　　How often do you visit your mother?对时间和次数提问

　　How soon 多久以后

　　How soon will you finish your Homework?

　　Vocabulary

　　8...

　　out of work 失业

　　I am out of work,/I lose my job.

　　10...A...

　　piece of:a piece of cheese 一块奶酪

　　bit：

　　bar:a bar of chocolate---一块巧克力

　　bar 门闩：长条状：a bar of chocolate;　a bar of soap

　　block 块，一大块: block v.堵塞;block n.房子

　　packet:一包

　　a piece of.../a bit of...

　　12...A...

　　same age and size 同年代同样式

　　street 两边有房子的街道

　　way, on the way,in the way 挡住某人的路(强调方向)

　　road 路的通称：road Home 通往家的路

　　route11 路线